Giovanni De' Medici (cardinal)
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Giovanni di Cosimo I de' Medici (29 September 1543 – 20 November 1562), also known as Giovanni de' Medici the Younger, was an Italian
cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to: Animals * Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae **''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...
.


Early years

He was born in
Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
, the second son of
Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany Cosimo I de' Medici (12 June 1519 – 21 April 1574) was the second Duke of Florence from 1537 until 1569, when he became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany, a title he held until his death. Life Rise to power Cosimo was born in Florence on 12 ...
, and
Eleanor of Toledo Eleanor of Toledo (Italian: ''Eleonora di Toledo'', 11 January 1522 – 17 December 1562), born Doña Leonor Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, was a Spanish noblewoman and Duchess of Florence as the first wife of Cosimo I de' Medici. A keen businessw ...
. While his elder brother
Francesco Francesco, the Italian (and original) version of the personal name " Francis", is the most common given name among males in Italy. Notable persons with that name include: People with the given name Francesco * Francesco I (disambiguation), sev ...
went on to a political and military career, Giovanni had reserved for him the ecclesiastical career. He was the subject of two famous portraits by
Bronzino Agnolo di Cosimo (; 17 November 150323 November 1572), usually known as Bronzino ( it, Il Bronzino ) or Agnolo Bronzino, was an Italian Mannerist painter from Florence. His sobriquet, ''Bronzino'', may refer to his relatively dark skin or reddis ...
, one as an infant and another of some years later, together with Eleonora of Toledo (although the subject of the latter has been identified also as Francesco or Garzia). Aged only sixteen, after having already been made
Archbishop of Pisa The Archdiocese of Pisa ( la, Archidioecesis Pisana) is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Pisa, Italy.717,_Pisan.html" ;"title="708, Pisan); on 30–31 July 1716 708,_Pisan);_on_30–31_July_1716_[1717,_Pisan_and_on_31_J_...
,_Giovanni_was_created_cardinal_of_Santa_Maria_in_Domnica.html" ;"title="717, Pisan">708, Pisan); on 30–31 July 1716 [1717, Pisan and on 31 J ...
, Giovanni was created cardinal of Santa Maria in Domnica">717, Pisan">708, Pisan); on 30–31 July 1716 [1717, Pisan and on 31 J ...
, Giovanni was created cardinal of Santa Maria in Domnica, by Pope Pius IV in the consistory of 31 January 1560.


Death

Probably already suffering from tuberculosis, Giovanni died in Livorno two years after he was made a cardinal, from an attack of
malaria Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. S ...
. His mother and his brother Garzia died of the same illness a few days after him. Centuries after his death, a myth arose to the effect that Garzia had killed Giovanni, following a dispute in 1562. In turn, their father Cosimo was supposed to have killed Garzia in a rage with his own sword. However, exhumations in 1857 showed no signs of violence on the bodies and it was concluded that they had both died of malaria in 1562.Sommi Picenardi G., 1888: "Esumazione e ricognizione delle Ceneri dei Principi Medicei fatta nell'anno 1857. Processo verbale e note", ''Archivio Storico Italiano'', Serie V, Tomo I-II, M. Cellini &c., Firenze, in D. Lippi, 2006: "Illacrimate Sepolture - Curiosità e ricerca scientifica nella storia della riesumazione dei Medici", Firenz
(online)
/ref> Cosimo had another son in 1563 whom he also named Giovanni (he is best known as
Don Giovanni de' Medici Don Giovanni de' Medici (13 May 1567, in Florence – 19 July 1621, in Murano) was an Italian military commander, diplomat and architect. Medici was born the illegitimate son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Eleonora degl ...
).


Ancestry


References


Sources


Catholic Hierarchy (David M. Cheney): Giovanni di Cosimo I de' Medici


* [http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-de-medici_res-f226976e-dcde-11df-9ef0-d5ce3506d72e_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Dizionario biografico degli italiani'', vol. 73, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2009 (Paola Volpini): MEDICI, Giovanni de'] {{DEFAULTSORT:Medici, Giovanni 1544 births 1562 deaths Clergy from Florence House of Medici, Giovanni 16th-century Italian cardinals Roman Catholic archbishops of Pisa 16th-century Italian Roman Catholic archbishops Deaths from malaria
Giovanni de' Medici (cardinal) Giovanni di Cosimo I de' Medici (29 September 1543 – 20 November 1562), also known as Giovanni de' Medici the Younger, was an Italian cardinal. Early years He was born in Florence, the second son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tusca ...
Burials at San Lorenzo, Florence Nobility from Florence